What is the working principle of a commonly used thermistor?
Release Date:
2023-04-20
Author:
The operating principle of a thermistor is to regulate temperature, voltage, time delays, and circuit protection through its sensing element.
To help more people better understand thermistors, I’d like to provide a brief overview here.
I: Introduction to Thermistors
A thermistor is a temperature-sensitive resistor whose resistance varies with temperature. Depending on the sign of its temperature coefficient, thermistors can be classified into two types: positive‑temperature‑coefficient (PTC) and negative‑temperature‑coefficient (NTC) thermistors. As the temperature rises, the resistance of a positive temperature coefficient thermistor gradually increases, while the resistance of a negative temperature coefficient thermistor decreases accordingly.
The thermistor remains inactive for an extended period; at room temperature and with current in the C region, its thermal radiation power is comparable to its heating power, so it may either operate or remain inactive. When the ambient temperature is constant, the thermistor’s operating time decreases rapidly as the current increases; consequently, the thermistor exhibits a short operating duration and low operating current.
II: Classification of Thermistors
Thermistors can be classified, depending on the type of thermosensitive material, into semiconductor thermistors, metal thermistors, and alloy thermistors. The specific differences and functions are as follows:
Semiconductor thermistor:
Thermistors fabricated from semiconductor materials exhibit a high temperature coefficient of resistance and a high resistivity, and sensors made from such materials also demonstrate very high sensitivity. Based on the temperature coefficient of resistance, these materials can be classified into negative‑temperature‑coefficient (NTC) and positive‑temperature‑coefficient (PTC) types; within a certain temperature range, the NTC material can achieve a temperature coefficient as low as −6 × 10⁻²/°C, while the PTC material can reach −60 × 10⁻²/°C.
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For more information on NTC thermistors, please visit our website at www.jyx-sensor.cn. If you have any questions, feel free to contact our team for assistance.
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