What is a contact-type temperature sensor?
Release Date:
2021-08-18
Author:
The sensing element of a contact-type temperature sensor maintains good thermal contact with the object being measured and is commonly referred to as a thermometer. By achieving thermal equilibrium through conduction or convection, the thermometer’s reading directly reflects the temperature of the measured object. Such instruments generally offer high measurement accuracy. Within a specified temperature range, they can also be used to map the internal temperature distribution of an object. However, when measuring moving objects, small targets, or objects with very low thermal capacity, significant measurement errors may arise. Common types of thermometers include bimetallic thermometers, liquid‑in‑glass thermometers, pressure‑type thermometers, resistance thermometers, thermistors, and thermocouples. These devices are widely employed across industries such as manufacturing, agriculture, and commerce, and are also frequently used in everyday life. With the widespread application of cryogenic technologies in fields like defense engineering, aerospace, metallurgy, electronics, food processing, pharmaceuticals, and petrochemicals, as well as advances in superconductivity research, cryogenic thermometers capable of measuring temperatures below 120 K have been developed. Examples include cryogenic gas thermometers, vapor‑pressure thermometers, acoustic thermometers, paramagnetic salt thermometers, quantum thermometers, low‑temperature resistance thermometers, and low‑temperature thermocouples. Cryogenic thermometers demand sensing elements that are compact, highly accurate, and exhibit excellent reproducibility and stability. A carburized glass resistance thermometer—fabricated by carburizing and sintering porous high‑silica glass—serves as one such sensing element and can measure temperatures ranging from 1.6 to 300 K.
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